Disorders of Respiratory system and Health Risk Associated with Cigarette Smoking

According to world health Organization (WHO) smoking could become the world's biggest killer by the year 2020, causing more deaths than any other diseases.

1. Smoking :

Smoking affects the lungs . Heavy smoking can also damage the heart and blood vessels. Non-smokers are also effected if they spend much time in the a room with people who are smoking. Cigarette smoke contains three main ingredients . These are nicotine , tar and carbon mono-oxide. Each of these has its own effects on the body.
Nicotine is addictive. Once the body gets used to it, it is very hard to do without it .  it increases the heart beat and blood pressure and causes hear diseases . Tar increases the chances of getting lung cancer. where as carbon mono oxide is poisonous.
2. Bronchitis:

it is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes , which may be caused by smoking or by bacterial infection. when a person smokes , tiny particles in the smoke get caught on the lining of the trachea and bronchial tubes . Extra mucus is produced and the cilia stop beating. The mucus collects in the bronchial tubes and this gives rise to the 'smokers cough'. if the tubes become infected, the person may get chronic bronchitis chronic means long lasting so the disease persists.

3. Tuberculosis:

it is another disease of the lungs caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) which destroy the lung tissues. it can be diagnosed by chest X-ray and sputum test. At one time T.B. was one of the most common causes of death, but modern medicine has now nearly cured it.



4. Lung Cancer:

To day lung cancer has taken over from T.B as the major killer. in luing cancer a growth develops in the wall of the bronchial tubes . This blocks them, so breating becomes more and more difficult . The lung Cancer can be detected by chest X-ray. If a growth is visible , it is removed by surgery ir may be destroyed by radiation therapy. 
Other Common respiratory Diseases are: 
Laryngitis------------ inflammation of the larynx
Pneumonia-----------servers inflammation of the luings, caused by a type of bacteria (Pheumococcus).